DEFINITION OF SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE
Simple Future Tense describes actions or events which will take place
in the future time; expressing planned future actions. In other words, Future
Tense is a verb form that marks the event described by the verb as not having
happened yet, but expected to happen in the future time. The Simple Future
Tense is used to express the action is intended, planned, scheduled, assigned,
expected, and so on.
We have already seen that the Future Tense can be expressed contextual
limitation by the Simple Present Tense and by Present Progressive verb phrase.
To limit the discussion on the future, the writer concentrate only on the
future which is diversified into will/ shall plus the simple verb and the future form with be going to of an auxiliary
verb to be (am, is, are) plus going to plus the simple verb.
Usage of Simple Future Tense
Will
Will is used in the Simple Future Tense construction when we make
quick decisions and decide to do something at the moment of speaking. Common
use of will is for willingness. Time expression with will usually
come at the end of the sentences, e.g. We will
finish the assignment tomorrow. We often
use will for the following manner to talk about:
a) Promise, e.g. I will see you
next week.
b) Intention, e.g. Students will do all the
works himself.
c) Willingness, e.g. I will be glad to do that
for you.
d) Volition expression, e.g. If you will wash
the dishes, we will dry them.
e) Plans and schedules, e.g. The store will open
late next month.
f) Prediction, e.g. Flying will be
dangerous
g) Instruction, e.g. They will deliver
this package to the bookstore.
h) Obstinacy and Willfulness, e.g. Boys will be
Manager.
i) Supposition, e.g. You will see from
my post card.8
The
conclusion is Simple Future Tense depends on such factors as whether the action
is intended, planned, schedule, assigned, and expected in the future time.
Shall
Shall is usually used to express obligation and compulsion. Shall is
used rather than will to express determination. Shall has rule
is often given for the Future Tense. Shall is used for expressing a request for
agreement or an offer to do something for someone. Shall is used
with the first person pronouns I
and we
to express future action. We often use shall for the
following manner to talk about:
a) Shall express threat, when we may express a threat to someone, this
expression can be used, e.g. If you speak like that again, I shall punish
you.
b) Shall express a promise, when we make a promise, this is formula of shall can be used,
e.g. I shall go to Mecca after get much money.
c) Shall express request for permission, we used to express request for
permission to someone, this expression can be used, e.g. Shall I close
the door?10 Moreover, shall is used to express strong determination or obligation when the
speaker doing something. Shall is used with first person singular and plural
pronoun (I and we).
Be going to
Be going to express future actions that have already decided to do something
before the time of speaking (especially the near future). Times expressions
used with be going to include tomorrow, next week, next month, next year, etc. We have
to concern with the subject which is used in the sentences. I with be am. You,
we, they with to be are, and the third person singular using to be is. We can use be going to form for
the following matters:
a) Be going to makes prediction (guesses) about the future. It is used to
express immediate expression, based on something happening now, e.g. You are going to fall
into the hole.
b) We use be
going to for plans made before the moment of speaking,
e.g. We are going to hear a lecture. Clearly, be
going to can be used to talk about certain planning,
intentions and decisions that have been made before moment of the speaking and
doing something.
Formula of Simple Future Tense
The Simple Future Tense for verbal sentence is formed with S+ shall/ will+ infinitive for the
1st person singular and plural pronoun.
The negative form is formed by S+ will+ not+ infinitive.
Interrogative is formed by shall/
will+ S+ infinitive?12 The formula of Simple Future Tense in
Verbal sentences can be seen as follow:
Formula of Simple Future Tense using will in
verbal sentence:
a. Affirmative form: Subject + will + VI + Object + Adverb.
b. Negative form: Subject + will + not + VI + Object.
c. Interrogative form: Will + S + VI + Object + Adverb?
Formula of Simple Future Tense using shall in
verbal sentence:
a. Affirmative form: Subject + shall + VI + Object + Adverb.
b. Negative form: Subject+ shall + not + VI + Object + Adverb.
c. Interrogative form: Shall + S + VI + Object + Adverb?
Formula of Simple Future using be going to in
verbal sentence:
a. Affirmative form: S + be going to+ VI + Object + Adverb.
b. Negative form: S+ be + not+ going to+VI+ Object + Adverb.
c.
Interrogative form: Be
+ S + going to+VI + Object + Adverb?
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