LANGUAGE LEARNING IN THE FIRST SEMESTER OF ELT DEPARTMENT

LANGUAGE LEARNING IN THE FIRST SEMESTER OF ELT DEPARTMENT

Basic Reading Comprehension

Reading is very important to be mastered for English learners. It is one of the four language skills students have to learn.

Reading texts provide opportunities to study language, such as vocabulary, grammar, punctuation, and way to construct sentences, paragraph and text. In teaching reading comprehension, we need to design comprehension activities that correspond to all of these purposes and processes in reading. Reading involves:

a       Recognizing the script of language

      Deducing the meaning and the use unfamiliar vocabulary

 .       Understanding information that is stated explicitly

d.       Understanding relationship within sentences.

Reading as one of language skills has given an important contribution to human life. Through reading, people can get many useful. It can give new information, ideas and inspiration. Reading is an interactive process that goes on between the reader and the text, resulting in comprehension. The text presents letters, words, sentences, and paragraphs that encode meaning.

From the description above, we know that the goal of reading comprehension is to understand the whole text. And the goal in reading comprehension also can be functioned as a means of communication, the researcher express his ideas on paper with language and the reader tries to get information or meaning.

Sentence Based Writing

Writing is also an action or a process of discovering and organizing your ideas, putting them and paper and reshaping and revising them. Writing is production of the written word that results in a text but the text must be read and comprehended in order for communication his or her ideas in the form of a written text from which a known or unknown reader will eventually extract the ideas and their meaning.

From some definition, writing is a system of human communication which represents a symbol. By writing we can share our idea, feeling, or anything that exist in our mind. Writing prosecutes students to focus on generating idea, organizing coherently, revising it into good composition, using discourse markers and rhetorical conventions cohesively, and editing text for appropriate grammar. Therefore, students who want to be able to write a good writing, they must learn to write regularly.

Basic Speaking

Speaking is the verbal use of language to communicate with others. Speaking skills are an important part of the curriculum in language teaching.

Speaking is an interactive process of meaning construction that involves producing and receiving and processing information. Its form and meaning are dependent on the context in which is occurs. Including the physical environment and the purposes for speaking it’s often spontaneous, open-ended, and involving. However speech is not unpredictable.

Speaking is one of the four basic skills in English learning beside listening, writing, and reading. As a language skill, speaking is sometimes undervalued. Speaking is so much a part of daily life that we take it for granted. In speaking, we have to combine the grammar, vocabulary, intonation; speech acts and other aspect in order to achieve for our communication had conveyed and are understood.

Basic Listening Comprehension

Listening is an active, purposeful processing of making sense of what we heart. Whereas listening comprehension is the process of understanding speech in a first or second language. The study of listening comprehension in second language learning focuses on the role of individual linguistic units (e.g., phonemes, words, grammatical structures) as well as the role of the listener’s expectations, the situations and context, background knowledge and topic.

Listening is a process involving a continuum of active passive process which is under the control of the listener, and passive process which are not. Listening means catching what the speaker has said, getting the speaker’s idea, decoding the speaker message, unpacking the speaker’s content, receiving the transfer of images impression, thought, belief, attitudes and emotional from the speakers

Word-Based Lexical Studies (Vocabulary)

Vocabulary is one of language component which is a means to conduct a communication. Vocabulary is total of number of of language proficiency and provides much of the basis for how well learners speak, listen, read and write.

Vocabulary is one of language component which have to be mastered by students in learning new language, students should have an adequate vocabulary to improve the four language skill. In listening, by having many vocabularies they can hear and understand all the words in oral communication easily. In speaking skills, they can cover all the words that they use in oral communication. In reading skills, they can understand all the words in written materials. And in writing skills, they can express their ideas, opinions, and feeling cohesively. The writing and speaking are language productions that belong to productive skills while listening and reading involve receiving the massage that belong to receptive skills. When the students limited of vocabulary,

they will have some difficulties in learning and understanding the foreign language. The students have to master some vocabularies as well as possible. A person who wants to be able to communicate in a certain language has to master the vocabulary of that language for the first time.

Teaching vocabulary plays an important role in language acquisition because the mastery of vocabulary will help the students in mastering the language skills. A rich vocabulary also makes language skills easier to perform.

Vocabulary items or world choices also become one of important components in speaking because as many as people mastering the vocabulary so make their communication understandable. Vocabulary items are needed to talk. Vocabulary is normally studied in dialogue or conversation. This way will help the students to be more active in communication.

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