Ki Hajar Dewantara
Ki Hajar Dewantara Born in Yogyakarta on May 2
1889. He is
Raden Mas Soewardi Soeryaningrat. He
comes from the family palace of Yogyakarta. Raden
Mas SoewardiSoeryaningrat, even at 40 years old by the count of the Year Caka,
renamed Ki Hajar Dewantara. Since
then, he no longer uses a knighthood in front of his name. This
meant that he could freely close to the people, both physically and heart.
His life is really characterized the
struggle and dedication to the interests of the nation. He
finished elementary school in the ELS (Elementary School Holland) then could
continue to STOVIA (Bumiputera medical school), but it was not until the end
because of illness. Later
he worked as a journalist at several newspapers including Sedyotomo, Midden
Java, De Express, Oetoesan Indies, KaoemMoeda, TjahajaTimoer and Poesara. At
the time, he was considered a reliable writer. His
writings are very communicative, sharp and patriotic so as to evoke the spirit
of anti-colonial readers.
Besides tenacious as a young reporter,
he was also active in social and political organization. In
1908, he was active in the propaganda section Boedi Oetomo to promote awareness and inspire
people of Indonesia at that time about the importance of unity in the state and
nation.
Then, with Douwes Dekker (Dr.
Danudirdja Setyabudhi)
and dr. CiptoMangoenkoesoemo,
he founded Indische Partij
(the first political party that wing nationalism Indonesia) on December 25,
1912 which aims to achieve an independent Indonesia.
They tried to register the organization
to obtain legal status in the Dutch colonial government. But
the Dutch government through the Governor-General Idenburg tried to block it
with the presence of the party was refused registration on March 11, 1913. The
reason for refusal was that the organization is considered to evoke a sense of
nationalism and unity to move against the Dutch colonial government.
Then, after the refusal of registration
of the legal entity status Indische Partij
he helped form the Committee Bumi poetra
in November 1913. The
committee as well as a rival committee of the Committee of One Hundred Years of
Independence Celebration of the Dutch. Boemipoetra
Committee's critique of the Dutch government intends to celebrate one hundred
years of its free Holland from French colonialism to withdraw money from the
people of colonies to finance the festivities.
A. CONTEXT OF SITUATION
1. The field of the text
Field is the situational variable that has to do with the
focus of the activity in which we are engaged (Eggins: 2004).
Whole the text is about Ki Hajar Dewantara. It begins with his
born then continue with his study, work, struggle and his activities in
organization. The purpose is to give information about Ki Hajar Dewantara.
2. The tenor of the text
Eggins (2004;99) said that definition of tenor was the
social role relationships played by interactions. For example, roles such as
student/lecturer, customer/salesperson, friend/friend.
Based on the text, Ki Hajar Dewantara has some relationship
with some people; Douwes Dekker (Dr. Danudirdja Setyabudhi)
and dr. CiptoMangoenkoesoemo. They are the founder of Indische Partij.
The writer used subject pronoun “he” and “they”. It means the relation is equal
in interpersonal meaning.
3. The mode of the text
The mode of this text is written. It showed by the form of
the sentence. It has good grammatical and punctuation. There are not
repetition, gambits and pause. The text has many noun phrases and the sentence
is written in the long form.
B. CONTEXT OF CULTURE
Context of culture means genre. Eggins
(2004:54) said that we look at the systemic functional interpretation of genre
as the cultural purposes of text and examine how text express genre through
structural and relational pattern. Yogjakarta is the city which Ki Hajar
Dewantara was born there. Yogjakarta is a part java island. That’s way Ki Hajar
Dewantara use title “Ki”. It means that he is a common citizen. Although he has
title “Raden Mas”, the family of palace Yogjakarta.
Another context of culture is struggle.
Ki hajar Dewantara was born 1889. It is the era which Netherland empowered
Indonesia. That makes he has the high
spirit establish some organization Boedi Oetomo,
Indische Partij and Boemi Poetra. At the end, Indonesia become independent country.
References
Eggins, Suzanne. 2004. An Introduction to Systemic Functional Linguistics. New York:
Continum.
Gerot Linda and Wignel, Peter. 1995. Making Sense of
Functional Grammar. Sydney: Gerd Stabler.
http: Biography_kihajardewantara_net. Downloaded on
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